All factors

High LDL cholesterol

Elevated LDL cholesterol in midlife contributes to vascular damage that increases dementia risk.

Population risk0.7%
Evidence gradecohort

Why it matters

Cholesterol builds up in blood vessel walls over decades. Statins and lifestyle changes can reduce levels and risk.

What to ask at the checkup

Ask whether a lipid panel is due and what the LDL target should be

Screening: Lipid panel (LDL, HDL, triglycerides)

Sources

Dementia prevention, intervention, and care: 2024 report of the Lancet Commission

Livingston G, Huntley J, Liu KY et al.. The Lancet, 2024.

Fourteen things people can change account for nearly half of dementia cases at the population level.

Association of serum lipid levels with risk of dementia

Thomas C, Faux P, Blin O et al.. Neurology, 2020.

High LDL cholesterol in middle age was linked to a modestly higher dementia risk later.

DOIAbstract only

Routines for this factor

Swap butter for olive oil at breakfast

Use olive oil or avocado on toast instead of butter.

2 min, difficulty 1/3