All factors

Physical inactivity

Regular physical activity reduces dementia risk by 30-40%. Walking counts.

Population risk1.7%
Evidence gradecommission report

Why it matters

Movement increases blood flow to the brain, reduces inflammation, and stimulates the growth of new neural connections.

What to ask at the checkup

Ask what level of physical activity is appropriate and whether a walking program would help

Screening: Self-reported weekly activity minutes

Sources

Dementia prevention, intervention, and care: 2024 report of the Lancet Commission

Livingston G, Huntley J, Liu KY et al.. The Lancet, 2024.

Fourteen things people can change account for nearly half of dementia cases at the population level.

A 2 year multidomain intervention of diet, exercise, cognitive training, and vascular risk monitoring versus control to prevent cognitive decline in at-risk elderly people (FINGER)

Ngandu T, Lehtisalo J, Solomon A et al.. The Lancet, 2015.

Combining diet, exercise, and brain training kept thinking skills sharper than standard advice alone.

DOIAbstract only

Physical activity and risk of dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Iso-Markku P, Kujala UM, Knittle K et al.. BMC Medicine, 2022.

People who moved regularly had about a third less dementia risk than those who did not.

Routines for this factor

Walk ten minutes after dinner

Put on shoes and walk for ten minutes after the evening meal.

10 min, difficulty 1/3

Stand up during every TV break

Stand and move for the length of each commercial break or between episodes.

2 min, difficulty 1/3

Five-minute morning stretch

After getting up, do five minutes of gentle stretching.

5 min, difficulty 1/3

Ten minutes in the garden or yard

Spend ten minutes doing something outside: weeding, watering, raking.

10 min, difficulty 1/3